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CTC is the total cost to the company including employer PF (12% of basic), gratuity (4.81%), insurance, and bonuses. Take-home is what hits your bank account each month after PF, PT, and TDS — typically 65-75% of CTC.

New regime usually wins if deductions < ₹2L. Old wins with full 80C (₹1.5L) + 80D + HRA + home loan. Try both with this calculator using your real numbers.

Employee 12% + Employer 12% of (Basic + DA), capped at ₹15K basic for the EPS portion. The employer's 12% splits: 8.33% to EPS pension + 3.67% to EPF.

Employer accrues 4.81% of basic as gratuity each year. Paid out at retirement/resignation after 5 years of service. Tax-free up to ₹20L (private) or unlimited (govt).

PT is a state-levied tax on salaried employees. Most Indian states cap it at ₹2,400/year (₹200/mo). A few states (Delhi, Haryana, UP) don't levy PT.

No. HRA exemption is only available in the Old Regime. If you pay significant rent (especially in metros), Old regime may give better take-home despite higher base rates.

No. New Regime trades all 80C/80D/HRA deductions for lower slab rates + ₹75K std deduction. You can't mix and match.

Employer divides estimated annual tax by 12 and deducts equal TDS each month. Form 16 issued by June 15 shows the full year's TDS. Adjustments happen in Q4 (Jan-Mar) when actual investment proofs come in.